The University of Texas at Austin

Skene, John, Sir, 1543?-1617.

Skene's De verborum significatione : Scottish Law

John Skene's dictionary was the first Scottish attempt to define the language of the law, and it seems the task was daunting for him. In his opening statement to the reader he modestly admitted his errors and ignorance, and complained that his subject was "one mater nought pleasand in itselfe, nor treated be others of before." He thought of his work as a mere fundament, full of errors, omissions and superfluities, and intended by it only "to provoke uthers to doe better." He challenged his readers to make use of what they find in the book's pages, and then correct, cut, and edit the work until it more closely resembles perfection. He concluded, "And whatever thou do, esteeme of me, as I do of thee and of al."

The dictionary is dense and verbosely worded, and with its arcane spellings and inconsistently formed sentences, it makes some definitions nearly unreadable. He defined many words that are now completely obsolete, of Latin or French origin, giving brief etymological information. Some of the words have no obvious relation to the law at all. All of these points are evident in the following example: "QVHATECVS, ane kinde or forme of bread, quhilk wee call ane fage, or phage, from the greeke word fagw, comedo to eate."

Despite these kinds of archaic forms, many definitions still very clearly describe the meanings of important words and concepts. The dictionary did in fact prompt other Scottish writers to improve upon it, as Skene wished. Skene's dictionary was an invaluable contribution to the literature of Scotland and Scottish law.


Bibliography

  1. DE VERBORUM SIGNIFICATIONE : the exposition of the termes and difficill wordes, conteined in the fovre bvikes of Regiam Majestatem, and others, in the actes of Parliament, infeftments, and used in practicque of this realme, with diuerse rules, and commoun places, or principalles of the lawes... Edinbvrgh : Printed be Robert Walde-graue, Printer to the Kingis Majestie, 1597. Constitutes the separately collated final part (pt. 5) of: The Lawes and actes of Parliament, maid be King Iames the First, and his successours kinges of Scotland. 1597. CALL # KDC 152 S53 1597

  2. DE VERBORUM SIGNIFICATIONE : the exposition of the termes and difficill wordes, conteined in the fovre bvikes of Regiam majestatem, and vthers... 2nd ed. Edinbvrgh : Printed be Robert Walde-graue printer to the Kingis Majestie, 1599. CALL # KDC 152 S53 1599

  3. DE VERBORUM SIGNIFICATIONE : the exposition of the termes and difficill wordes, conteined in the foure buiks of Regiam Maiestatem, and uthers... London : Printed by E.G., 1641. CALL # KDC 152 S53 1641

  4. DE VERBORUM SIGNIFICATIONE : the exposition of the termes and difficill wordes, conteined in the foure buikes of Regiam Majestatem. Edinburgh : Printed by David Lindsay, M.D.C. LXXXI [1681]. Bound at end of v. 2 of The laws and acts of Parliament [1424-1621, 1633-1678] (Edinburgh : Printed by David Lindsay, 1681). CALL # Oversize KDC 76 1424

If you have questions or suggestions about this page, please contact .