The University of Texas at Austin

Law in Popular Culture collection

The Complete Newgate Calendar
Volume II

STEPHEN GARDENER

Executed at Tyburn, 3rd of February, 1724, for House-
breaking, after being warned that the Bellman
would say his Verses over him

THIS malefactor was born in Moorfields, and after
associating with blackguard boys in the streets was
driven home through sheer hunger. He went to sea on
a corn vessel, the master of which traded to France and
Holland. Being an idle and useless hand, he was treated
so rougly by his shipmates that he grew heartily tired of a
seafaring life ; and on his return from the first voyage he
promised the utmost obedience if his friends would permit
him to remain at home.
   This was readily complied with, in the hope of his re-
formation, and he was now put to a waterman ; but being
impatient of restraint he soon quitted his service and
engaged with dissolute fellows in the neighbourhood of
Moorfields, with whom he played at cards, dice, etc., till
he was stripped of what little money he had, and then
commenced as pickpocket.
   His first attempt of this kind was at the Guildhall, dur-
ing the drawing of the lottery, when he took a wig out of a
man's pocket; but though he was detected in the offence,
the humanity of the surrounding multitude permitted his
escape. This circumstance encouraged him to continue
his practice, and about a month afterwards he was de-
tected in picking another pocket, and, notwithstanding his
protestations of innocence, underwent the discipline of the
horsepond. Soon afterwards he became acquainted with
two notorious housebreakers named Garraway and Sly,
who offered to take him as a partner; but he rejected their
proposals till one night when he had lost all his money
and most of his clothes at cards ; then he went to his new
acquaintances, and agreed to be concerned in their illicit
practices.
Gardener having now been for some time acquainted
with a woman who kept a public-house in Fleet Lane,and
who was possessed of some money, proposed to marry her,
with the view of obtaining her property; and, the woman
listening to his offer, they were married by one of the Fleet
parsons. The money Gardener obtained with his spouse
was soon spent in extravagance, and not long afterwards they
were apprehended on suspicion of felony and conducted to
St Sepulchre's watch-house; however, the charge against
them not being validated, it was necessary to dismiss them,
but before they were set at liberty the constable said to
Gardener: " Beware how you come here again, or this bell-
man will certainly say his verses over you " ; for the bellman
happened to be at that time in the watch-house. 1
Gardener was greatly affected when the constable told
1 See Appendix No 4.

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him that the bellman would say his verses over him; but
the impression it made on his mind soon wore off, and he
quickly returned to his vicious practices.
   A short time after this adventure Gardener fell into
company with one Rice Jones, and they agreed to go to-
gether on the "passing lay," which is an artifice frequently
practised, and though the sharpers are often taken into
custody, and their tricks exposed in the newspapers, yet
there are repeatedly found people weak enough to submit
to the imposition.
   Our adventurers were very successful at different places,
particularly at Bristol ; but in this last place Jones bilked
Gardener in such a manner as to prove that there is no
truth in the observation of " honour among thieves " ; for
Jones, after having defrauded a country gentleman of a gold
watch and chain, a suit of laced clothes, and about a hundred
guineas, gave no share of the booty to Gardener. This
induced the latter to think of revenge, but he disguised
his sentiments, and they went together to Bath, where they
remained some time and then proceeded on their journey;
but on the morning on which they set out, Gardener stole
an iron pestle from the inn where they lay, and concealed it
in his boot, with the intention of murdering his companion
when they should come to an unfrequented place. On
their journey Gardener generally kept behind Jones, and
twice took out the pestle with the intention of perpetrating
the murder; but, his resolution failing him, he at length
dropped it in the road, unperceived by his companion.
   A few days afterwards these companions in iniquity
parted; and on this occasion Jones said: " Hark ye,
Gardener, whither are you going? " " To London," said
he. "Why, then," replied Jones, "you are going to be
hanged."
   Soon after his arrival in London he robbed a house in
Addle Hill, but was not apprehended for it, and a short
time after he broke open the house of Mrs Roberts, and
carried off linen to the amount of twenty-five pounds. In
this robbery he was assisted by John Martin, and both the
offenders, being soon afterwards taken into custody, were
brought to trial, capitally convicted, and received sentence
of death ; but Martin was afterwards reprieved, on condition
of transportation for fourteen years.
   After sentence of death Gardener resigned himself to his
fate and before he quitted Newgate on the day of execution
he dressed himself in a shroud, in which he was executed,
refusing to wear any other clothes, though the weather was
intensely cold.

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