The University of Texas at Austin

Law in Popular Culture collection

THE LIFE AND TRIAL OF FRANK JAMES

21b
ON THE NINTH DAY

     THE Court gave the jury the following instructions:
     1. That if defendant either himself killed McMillan or was pres-
ent aiding or abetting at the time of the homicide, he is guilty of
murder in the first decree.
     2. Defining the terms willfully, premeditatedly and malice afore-
thought.
     3. That if defendant combined with others to assault the ezpress-
messenger (Murray), and McMillan was killed in that connection, he is
guilty of murder in the first degree.
     4. That if McMillan was killed by defendant shooting recklessly into
the car, and without specific intent to kill McMillan or any one else,
or if defendant was present during such reckless shooting, aiding or
abetting, he is guilty of murder in the second degree.
    5. As to the defendant's testimony on his own behalf.
     6. That the jury are sole judges of the evidence.
     7. As to defendant's admissions against interest, which the law pre-
sumes to be true, while his admissions in interest are not necessarily
true even if brought out by the State.
     8. As to the testimony of accomplices being received with caution.
     9. Reasonable doubt means real and substantial doubt, not a mere
possibility of innocence.
     10. As to punishment.
     For the defense, instructions were given:
     1. That defendant must be specifically connected with the killing of
McMillan to justify a verdict of guilty on the first count for murder in
the first degree.
     2. That defendant must be specifically connected with the killing of
McMillan in the robbery to justify a verdict of guilty of murder on the
second count for murder committed in the perpetration of a felony.
     3. That to convict on the second count it is not sufficient to show
that defendant was present at the homicide if some other party killed
McMillan not in pursuance of the common design, but of his own mo-
tion, without the concurrence or consent of the defendant.
     4. As to the weight of evidence.
     5. As to the testimony of accomplices.
     6. As to the presumption of innocence.
     7. Circumstantial evidence to warrant conviction must be absolutely
inconsistent with the theory of innocence.
     Three days were consumed in the argument of the counsel for State
and defense when the jury returned the following verdict:
     "State of Missouri vs. Frank James--murder: We, the jury in the
above entitled cause, find the defendant not guilty as charged in the in-
dictment.     (Signed,)
WM. T. RICHARDSON, FOREMAN." 


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